Russia's M & X
In Russia, there are white and gray customs clearance.
White customs clearance refers to the way of customs clearance into Russia through normal customs inspection. It is a normal way of goods circulation protected by Russian law.
However, due to the grey customs clearance, there is no formal security inspection procedure for Chinese goods when they enter Russia. When they are exported, they are genuine goods, but after they are imported, they become black goods. Many Chinese export enterprises' goods are detained and no one takes delivery of them, which damages the rights and interests of exporters.
Therefore, it is suggested that the cargo owners choose the regular white customs clearance export goods to Russia from the aspect of the safety and interest of the goods.
Import
（1） Import goods arrive at the border of Russia
1. when goods and means of transport arrive at the Russian border port, the forwarder or carrier shall submit the following documents and information to the Customs within 15 days:
- the state of registration of means of transport;
- the name and address of the carrier of the goods;
- the name of the country of delivery and the country of arrival of the goods;
- the name and address of the consignor and consignee;
- commercial documents owned by the carrier;
- Freight signs and types of packages;
- name of goods and commodity code (no less than the first 4 digits);
- net weight of goods (kg) or volume of goods (cubic meters), except for goods of large appearance;
- on goods prohibited or restricted from entering the customs territory of the Russian Federation;
- Issue International Bill of lading for the carriage of goods.
2. if the customs clearance is to be transferred, the forwarder or carrier shall apply to the customs and submit the following information:
- name and location of the consignor (consignee);
- the name of the country of destination of the goods;
- the name and location of the carrier of the goods, or the name and location of the sender, if the sender is granted an internal clearance clearance permit;
- the means of transport for transporting goods within the territory of Russian customs, and the driver of the means of transport shall be provided when carrying out road transportation;
- the type, name, quantity, price, weight or volume of goods and the commodity code (no less than the first 4 digits);
- total number of loading;
- destination of goods;
- plan and route information of goods transfer;
- planned period of cargo transfer.
3. after the goods transferred to Customs at the destination of the customs, they shall declare to the Customs within 15 days.
（2）Declaration and customs clearance of imported goods
1. customs declaration agent
- according to the Russian Customs Law, the customs broker can only be a Russian citizen. Foreign enterprises or cargo owners can only entrust Russian customs brokers or customs brokers to handle import declaration procedures;
- when the customs broker or the customs broker accepts the entrustment of the import receiver and consignor to handle the customs declaration formalities, it shall examine the authenticity and integrity of the documents provided by the consignor. If the customs broker fails to fulfill the examination obligation or violates the legal provisions in the declaration, it shall bear corresponding legal responsibilities;
- the customs broker shall fill in the contents listed in the declaration form truthfully and accurately, and submit the necessary documents and materials to the customs.
2. documents and documents to be submitted for import declaration
- customs declaration of imported goods;
- commercial documents required for customs declaration (such as contract, invoice, waybill, bill of lading, packing list, insurance policy, cargo list, etc.);
- Transport (transhipment) documents;
- approval, license, certification and / or license documents for the import of restricted goods;
- Certificate of origin of goods;
- data for calculating customs taxes and fees;
- the certificate of the customs broker and the certificate of the customs broker issued by the Russian customs.
3. payment of import tariff
- the owner or customs broker shall pay the customs tax in full and timely according to the tax calculated by the customs, including import duty, value-added tax and customs miscellaneous charges, or handle customs guarantee procedures according to the provisions;
- when the declared price of imported goods is lower than the customs risk price parameter, the owner shall provide corresponding contract transaction price certificate according to the customs requirements. If the required documents cannot be provided, the Russian customs will collect the tariff according to the minimum risk price.
4. release of goods
- according to the provisions of Russian Customs Law, the customs shall release the imported goods with complete customs declaration documents, full payment of customs duties and conformity with the single goods;
- if the goods are under special supervision such as bonded warehouse, domestic processing, duty-free trade, temporary entry and re export, the customs may release the goods on condition.
2、 Export
（1） Declaration of export goods
1. the requirements for customs declaration of export goods are in full conformity with the import requirements.
2. documents and documents to be submitted for export declaration
- declaration form of export goods;
- commercial documents required for customs declaration (such as contract, invoice, waybill, bill of lading, packing list, insurance policy, cargo list, etc.);
- Transport (transhipment) documents;
- approval, license, certification and / or license documents for export of restricted goods;
- data for calculating customs taxes and fees;
- the certificate of the customs broker and the certificate of the customs broker issued by the Russian customs.
3. for goods that are subject to export duties, the owner or customs broker shall pay the taxes in full and timely according to the export tax calculated by the customs.
（ 2） Release of export goods
1. after the export declaration is accepted, the carrier may load the goods into the means of transport to leave the Russian customs and accept customs inspection.
2. the customs shall release the export goods which have been verified and inspected by the customs documents within 3 working days.
Documents required for customs clearance
Documents related to import enterprises
(1) * the enterprise has obtained the certificate documents for the operation of foreign trade
(2) * this import trade contract
(3) * statistical registration code issued by the office of Central Statistics of the Russian Federation (goskomstat)
(issue cannot exceed 6 months)
(4) Certificate issued by bank to cash account (issue cannot exceed one month)
(5) * certificate of enterprise registration
(6) * confirmation inspection of national tax registration document (including taxpayer identification number in)
(7) * registered (legal address) registration number (ogrn) of the Russian Federation enterprise
(8) Ownership documents or lease contracts for office places
(9) Passport of authorized representative, copy of passport of general manager and chief accountant
(10) Certificate of appointment of authorized representative, general manager and chief accountant
(11) Records submitted by the latest enterprise to the national tax inspection department
(12) Power of attorney of authorized representative
The above documents marked with * shall be notarized, and the original copy of bank deposit certificate, passport of authorized representative and authorization letter of authorization shall be provided
Other supporting documents can be provided with copies, which need to be stamped with the official seal of the enterprise.
Related contracts (import to Russia)
(1) Contract or other agreement
(2) Copy of import license
(3) Commercial invoice or other value description
(4) Transport documents - Freight slips, packing lists, etc
(5) Description of the use of goods (quality certificate, function description, etc.)
(6) Certificate of conformity, inspection certificate and veterinary certificate; Issued by the Ministry of national defense and the Ministry of economic development
Proof of - if required; Hygiene permits - this is the case for almost all goods
Special requirements
(7) Bank documents (swift code, payment notice, bookkeeping voucher) proving the prepayment
Etc.).
(8) Certificate of origin
(9) Freight invoice, insurance invoice (including transport agreement) to Russian border,
Transport requirements and shipping invoices)
(10) Declaration materials of Exporting Countries
(11) Description of the warranty agreement and insurance policy
(12) Other documents required for foreign trade (e.g. order, order confirmation, guarantee letter, etc
(etc.)
All documents need to be translated into Russian (including packing list, invoice, product description, etc.)
Customs inspection has the right to request any other documents required
Payment requirements:
It is necessary to consider the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the actual payment date and the actual filing date.
Payment to be completed before filing the declaration (it is necessary to consider the successful remittance to the bank within 2 working days)
The original customs payment order and transaction payment for customs clearance must be in customs EDI before filing the declaration
There are records in the system.
* The above guidance is only for operation reference. Any actual order needs to confirm the process and cost of specific operation*
